نشریه برنامه ریزی و توسعه محیط شهری
پیاپی 10 (تابستان 1402)

Social resilience plays an important role in urban development and management today. This type of resilience is influenced by various conditions and indicators, of which advertising in the urban environment can be considered one of the most important; Because advertisements visually and mentally create different conditions for citizens. In this research, the aim is to investigate the effects and function of urban environmental advertising on the promotion of social resilience in Tehran city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field data. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was collected at the level of the statistical population (8,694,000 people) in different regions. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 384 people. The structural and content validity of the verification tool as well as the reliability were confirmed with Cronbach's alpha above 0.70. The result showed that the function of urban environment advertising is positive on social resilience. Such that the advertising of the urban environment has the greatest impact on social resilience through the improvement of information to citizens with an amount equal to 0.601; They show the improvement of citizens' brand awareness with 0.580 and the reduction of citizens' expenses with 0.541. The result also showed that due to the poor state of social resilience in Tehran, awareness of urban people with education; healthy environment advertising; improving the power of organizing advertising; Empowerment to deal with risk and vulnerability and good governance with favorable policies are 5 effective indicators in promoting a resilient society according to urban environment advertising.

Providing suitable housing in terms of safety, comfort and energy efficiency has been considered as the most important human demands, and in this context, the intelligent building system creates ideal conditions in buildings by using the latest technologies. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the position of the indicators affecting smart housing in Shiraz city. The current research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. Data collection has been done by two library and field methods. The statistical population of the research is the specialists and experts in the field of housing in Shiraz, and 72 experts were selected as the sample size using the Delphi sampling method. To analyze the data, one-sample t-tests, regression and structural equations were used. The results of the sample T-Tech test show that the index of energy consumption and optimization with the value of 3.12 and the index of hardware and software with the value of 2.75 have the highest and the lowest level of intelligence of residential buildings. . The results of the structural equations show that among the indicators of the technology dimension, the speed of data extraction in the building with a coefficient of 0.411, among the indicators of the energy consumption dimension, cutting off energy and gas in times of danger with a coefficient of (0.641) and in the hard dimension Software, control of equipment with an application with a coefficient of (0.412) have the greatest effect on the intelligence of residential buildings in Shiraz city, and in general, technology and data dimension with a coefficient of 0.502 and hardware dimension with a coefficient of 0.311 in optimal energy consumption and realization of smart building. is a transition In general, the residential buildings of Shiraz city are not in a good condition in terms of smart building, and considering the modern and high-rise residential buildings as well as the old and dilapidated structures, in order to improve the quality of life of the residents and save energy consumption and prevention. From upcoming events, it is necessary for city managers to pay attention to smart technology.

With the development of urbanization and increasing mental pressures, citizens have also experienced increasing physical diseases. In this connection, health tourism assumes greater importance for people to use health and hygienic facilities. One of the areas in which cities compete with each other is their capability of attracting domestic and foreign treatment tourists. The level of reference and stay of health tourists is considerably highest than other tourists, and this indicates the significance of health tourism. The health tourism sector is one of the principal components of urban economic strength that guarantees residents’ quality of life. The aim of the present study was to measure the feasibility of health tourism capacities in the city of Maragheh using sustainable urban development. The study was an applied study and fell under the quantitative and qualitative research. The data were obtained by using documentary and observational studies via a researcher-made questionnaire. Health tourism evaluation criteria included 27 variables of social-cultural, economic, and environmental (ecological) components. The statistical population of the study consisted of 384 people who were present at health tourism places. To analyze the data, the structural equation modeling and SPSS, AMOS, and MPLUS software were used. Findings revealed that the component of tourism economics with the factor loading of 0.95 held the highest effects on the sustainable health tourism, and the component of local culture (factor loading of 0.63), terminal equipment (factor loading of 0.62) held the lowest effects. As well, the component5 of sustainable tourism with the direct and indirect effects of 0.815 and 0.131 held the highest effects, while the component of the environment with the direct and indirect effects of 0.634 and 0.164 held the lowest effects on the development of sustainable tourism in the city of Maragheh. The economic component with the direct and indirect effects and the component of social-cultural with the direct and indirect effects of 0.702 and0.105 also contributed to the development of sustainable health tourism in the city.

The high and main streets of the city are the heart of cities nowadays. Today, these vital arteries are facing new social, environmental and economic challenges and must deal with the uncertainty of the city. Now the important question is how to design and plan the main streets of the city in such a way that it meets the different expectations of society and at the same time, it can be compatible with future developments. Many planners and urban designers in the world are thinking of creating strategies to restore the role of high streets to their original position as a place to serve visitors, businesses and stakeholders that all people can use. The high streets for all approach is a popular approach in urban studies in recent years. Nevertheless, so far, it has not been mentioned in the research field of Persian texts and sources in the specialized field of urban planning. Although this approach is successful in global experiences. The purpose of this research is to look at the function of the street by presenting a conceptual model of the high streets. In addition, to validate and better introduce this new approach, two critical streets of Tabriz City (Imam Khomeini Street and Foroughi Street) have been compared from the perspective of this approach. The general approach of this research is descriptive-analytical. Collecting information and field data through a questionnaire and the sample size based on Cochran's formula is 384 people. The research findings show that the essential components of the "High Street for All" approach are more vital in Imam Khomeini Street than in Foroughi Street, and only Foroughi Street has a higher priority in the two indicators of "personal branding, presence of famous commercial brands." To create a High Street for all streets, it should be a strength at the comprehensive level of spaces in all dimensions, including the relationship between humans and the environment.

The most important function of any city is its residential role, and for this reason, the qualitative characteristics of housing play an essential role in the quality of urban spaces and social-spatial justice. With the rapid growth of urbanization in the last century, especially in underdeveloped societies, followed by the natural growth of the population, migration and the shrinking of the household dimension, causing serious challenges in the city, including the reduction of housing quality and inequality in various physical, environmental, service, social and economic dimensions. has been Region 2 of Tehran city has a diversity of residential and housing quality due to its north-south orientation and stretching from the city center to the northernmost urban parts of Tehran. Housing is one of the vital needs of humans, for this reason, residents' satisfaction with the quality of housing in urban areas can be analyzed, and neglecting this important issue can cause housing inequality. The aim of the current research is to analyze the residents' satisfaction with the quality of housing at the level of neighborhoods in the 2nd district of Tehran. The research method of this research is descriptive-analytical with an applied nature, and it has been done in the collection of information through documentary and survey methods using the questionnaire method. The collected data were done using the sample t-test, satisfaction level of housing quality indicators, Pearson's correlation test and finally factor analysis. The findings show that the studied indicators (access, structural features, amenities, economic features, social features and environmental health) have a significant relationship with the research topic and even the components of each indicator. The results of the residents' satisfaction also indicate that the area is favorable in terms of having the indicators studied in the research. Finally, ten factors for housing quality can be identified from the perspective of street quality, building type, housing demand, cultural level, amenities, access to the station and transportation lines, quietness of the place, sound and air quality, ethnic and racial ratio, and municipal fees and taxes. The results of Pearson's correlation analysis indicate that the highest correlation was related to the indicators of amenities with accessibility and economic characteristics.

Cities are always exposed to serious risks and damages, which shows the importance of risk management and prediction. Resilience is an approach that can help improve urban areas and their response in the face of crisis. The assessment of cities in terms of different indicators and their status can provide a suitable framework for managers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of resilience indicators and developing effective strategies for their modification based on eco-oriented sustainability. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field data. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population is made up of 4830 residents of Faiz Abad neighborhood. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 356 people. Also, 50 related experts were used to formulate the strategy. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed as well as the reliability with Cronbach's alpha above 0.70. The results show that the most effective indicators in improving resilience are related to the environmental health index with a value of 0.95. Also, the index of social belonging has the ability to explain 0.85, environmental and spatial threats 0.85, economic infrastructure 0.82, social participation 0.80 and economic welfare also has 0.78 in the field of improving the resilience of Faiz Abad neighborhood. The results showed that 7 strategies can be emphasized in order to improve urban resilience based on the eco-oriented approach that including supporting and facilitating the prosperity of the economic foundations of the neighborhood, promoting social capital and education, planning the development of neighborhood tourism, reconstruction, development and creation of physical spaces, renovation facilities and incentive schemes, neighborhood environmental health, reforming and reviewing the interaction of institutions with people.

The most important effect of the growth and expansion of urbanization is the massive migration to the cities, the emergence of the crisis of marginalization and the emergence of informal settlements. Poverty, illiteracy, low level of awareness, unemployment rate, informal residence, informal employment, etc. are among the fundamental problems of informal settlements. The biological vulnerability of these environments against the crisis is another characteristic of these settlements.The purpose of this research is to present a conceptual model of local empowerment of informal settlements. Therefore, the current research was conducted in the category of qualitative research and with the approach of foundational data theory. In order to analyze the qualitative data, meta-composite method and content analysis were used together. The data collection method is document study and semi-structured interview. nvivo software was used for qualitative data analysis and coding.Based on documentary studies and the use of meta-synthesis method, the theoretical framework of the research and the initial conceptual model of local empowerment were presented. The main components of local empowerment are: governance, participation and trust, culture and community, identity, perception of the environment and vitality. Based on the questions raised in the interview process, 937 referrals were provided. 19 sub-themes were extracted by multiple revisions and integration of codes based on similarity during several stages of data summarization. Based on the discovery of cause and effect relationships between the components, the spiral model was presented as the final conceptual model of indigenous empowerment of informal settlements, which has 6 cycles.